Finland has an excellent opportunity to become known as one of the main players in the recirculating aquaculture field. Currently, it imports 85 per cent of the fish its consumes but it is hoped that this figure is going to fall as the Finnish aquaculture industry undergoes rapid development.
In mid-October, a testing and learning environment for recirculating aquaculture was opened at the Laukaa fish farm operated by the Natural Resources Institute of Finland (Luke).
The testing and learning environment helps in trying out technical solutions in fish farming development and examining the biological limits that are important in fish culture.
Recirculating aquaculture creates very few nutrient emissions
Recirculating aquaculture is a fish farming method in which water is circulated by pumping it from fish tanks into cleaning units and back again. The method helps in saving water, since the volume of new water required is only between 1 per cent and 2 per cent of the volume of the circulating water.
"So far, the volume of fish produced has remained small, because the high costs of the recirculating aquaculture method have enabled us to use it only for farming more valuable species. However, now there is a trend towards larger units and the production of mass species, such as the rainbow trout," says Tapio Kiuru, senior aquaculture expert at Luke.
In Finland, one of the major limiting factors in fish farming has traditionally been environmental permit issues.
Over the last few years, new production permits have been granted for recirculating aquaculture, thanks to the volume of nutrient emissions that is significantly smaller than in other methods.
Promising export outlook for recirculating aquaculture technology
Recirculating aquaculture is evolving rapidly in many Western countries, but Finland has a number of concrete competitive advantages in the field.
"In terms of availability and price of necessary inputs, such as energy and liquid oxygen, our position is excellent compared to that of many of our competitors. We have plenty of clean fresh water, suitable locations for farms and excellent logistics. We can draw on the Finnish expertise in biology and process industry," Kiuru says.
The new recirculating aquaculture testing and learning environment in Laukaa helps in modernising production methods. An example of this is fish feed for recirculating aquaculture and improving it with equipment that precisely measures the quality of water.
"It was the Finnish fish farms that first voiced their need for a testing and learning environment. The equipment has also attracted attention abroad. The environment, which is also suitable for research purposes, helps in attracting the international funding, networks and knowledge required by the companies in the field," Kiuru concludes.
The Laukaa recirculating aquaculture testing and learning environment has been financed by the European Fisheries Fund (EFF), and it is supported by the largest table fish farmers and fish fry producers (Taimen yhtiöt and Savon Taimen Oy), all Finnish recirculating aquaculture farmers (Carelian Caviar Oy, Caviar Empirik Oy, Huutokosken Arvo-Kala Oy, Kuhina Oy, Polar Fish Oy, Savolax Oy, Sybimar Oy, Taimen Oy) and companies that design and build recirculating aquaculture systems (Arvo-Tec Oy, Kalavesikonsultit Oy and Sybimar Oy).
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